Surah Al-Hashr (الحشر) is a Medinan surah of the Quran with 24 verses. Read, listen and memorize this surah with our interactive tools.
Updated on 07 March 2026 at 4:16 PM
📖 5 min readThey said what they did not fulfill, so Allah cast fear into their hearts and they sent the answer, so he said: 'Not unless you give me your arms and what you cannot carry on your camels from your wealth.' They hesitated, then responded, and carried from their wealth what the camels could bear, except for the ring, and they went with six hundred camels. They displayed their ornaments and clothes, and their women displayed their jewelry. Some of them went to Khaybar and some to Syria, leaving the wealth and the ring for the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. Only two men, Yamin bin Amr and Abu Sa'd bin Wahb, were saved, as they accepted Islam and preserved their wealth. Allah made the wealth of those who did not accept Islam a spoil for the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, specifically for him to dispose of as he wished, as narrated in the Sahih from Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, in the story of the dispute between Ali and Al-Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them. It is also mentioned that it is one of his unique characteristics, peace be upon him, as he said: 'Allah has given his Messenger, peace be upon him, something in this spoil that He has not given to anyone else.' Then he recited {what Allah gave as spoil to His Messenger from them} to the words of the Almighty: {Qadir}. It was exclusive to the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. And Allah, He did not withhold it from you nor did He monopolize it for Himself. He gave it to you and distributed it among you, until only this money remained - meaning the money that was the subject of their dispute. The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, used to spend it.
And when He, glorified, withdrew their wealth from the hands of the army, distinguishing between this booty and others like it that had been obtained because the Prophet, may God's peace and blessings be upon him, had taken it without a fight, He said, initiating an answer to one who might ask: Does this ruling apply to all spoils that will come after those of the Banu an-Nadir? {What God has bestowed} - that is, He who is characterized by might, wisdom, and power - {on His Messenger}, and since God, glorified, has knowledge that encompasses all, including that He will grant authority over the people of the valleys and others,
And since the dominance of the world is from its deficiencies, it is made clear that if it were from Allah, it would not be so. And that it would not be a defect in sincerity. The matter of the children of an-Nadhir is only facilitated to fulfill their hopes, so He said: {yabtaghun} meaning they exert effort in seeking. And it is made clear that nothing is obligatory for Him to anyone, with His saying: {fadlan min Allah} meaning the great kingdom that has no equal, for it is specific to all the attributes of perfection from this world and the hereafter, so His bounty suffices them from anyone else. {waridwanan} He grants them success to what He is pleased with them, and does not make their desire for compensation from Him a defect in sincerity, so He connects them to the abode of His generosity. And since He described them by suspending their inner selves to Him, and cutting them off from pleasure in anyone or anything else, He described them by dedicating their outward selves to Him, so He said: {waynasurun} meaning they are aided on the path of renewal at all times and perpetuity {Allah} meaning the great, glorious King {warasuluhu} the Messenger whose greatness is from His greatness, with their souls and their wealth, so the party of Satan may be annihilated. And since it is clear what He has for them of care, the listener expects from the praise of them what is suitable for this clarification. So He said, starting anew what is like the reason for their specificity: {ula'ika} meaning those who are elevated in rank in noble character {hum}
He is not among those whom Allah intended by this verse.
And when it is indicated that this praise is for those who are truthful in their faith, by establishing the Sunnah through migration, selflessness, and striving in supplication for those whose faith is evident, thus making the path to safety easy for them, it excludes the hypocrites and implies that they do not do such things because they lack firmness in the faith that would lead to these actions. It points to their hypocrisy, which necessitates their falsehood, by saying, addressing the best of creation, indicating that no one but Him has the right to know their hypocrisy, may God's peace and blessings be upon him. He is amazed by their condition, given their lack of firmness despite witnessing miracles and clear signs, and seeing the state of the believers, who are granted mercy through the facilitation of matters, supported against the tyrants, turning away from the world, and striving towards the Hereafter. This is the call to faith, which softens the hearts and reveals the truths to the utmost clarity: {Have you not seen}, meaning, have you not known with a knowledge that is as strong as certainty, like a witnessed fact, O best of creation? And He explained their distance from His lofty and noble presence with the instrument of conclusion, saying:
When they uncovered her face, she refused, so they tied the end of her garment to her veil. When she stood up, her ugliness was exposed, and she cried out. One of the Companions, may God be pleased with them, became angry on her behalf and killed the Jew who had tied her garment, and they killed him. This led to the violation of their treaty. The Prophet, may God's peace be upon him, then sent the armies of God against them, and God humbled them. They came down from their fortress according to his judgment, may God's peace be upon him. They had been allies of Ibn Abi, but this did not benefit them in any way, except that he asked the Prophet, may God's peace be upon him, not to kill them and persisted until he refrained from killing them. They then left the city on their own, without being forced to do so. When it was as if it was said, 'What was their story?' it was said: {They tasted the evil consequences} of their actions, namely the ugliness and bad outcome {of their affair} in this world, which was their unbelief and hostility towards the Messenger of God, may God's peace be upon him, and his party, who are the party of God. It was called an 'affair' because it was something they had conspired in. {And for them} in the Hereafter {is a painful punishment}, meaning one that is severe in its pain. And when God, the Exalted, likened their affair in obeying Ibn Abi and those with him - and they were the distant and burned ones due to their distance from the believers, which God had ordained, and the burning of their livers because of this, along with what He had prepared for them in the Hereafter - to the story of the Banu Qaynuqa', He likened the story of all of them
They encompassed the outward and inward aspects of {themselves}, yet they did not present anything that would benefit them, and if they did present something, it was tainted with corrupting influences such as ostentation and self-admiration. Thus, they were among those described by the statement of the Exalted, {On that day, there will be faces humbled, working, toiling, fueling a fire, fed with boiling water} [{Al-Ghashiyah: 2-5}. This is because they did not leave any door of corruption unexplored, for the root of corruption is ignorance of Allah, and the root of knowledge and the key to wisdom is self-awareness. Therefore, the one most knowledgeable about himself is most knowledgeable about his Lord, as it is said, 'The one who knows himself knows his Lord.' Since the fruit of their actions was that they wasted {piety}, they perished. He said, {Those} - namely, those farthest from all good - {are the defiantly disobedient}, meaning those deeply entrenched in the swamp of sin, outside the realm of religion. Having established that the party of Allah is the successful one, due to the support He granted them in this worldly life, including victory and strength against enemies, gentleness and assistance towards allies, and all other actions leading to the Garden of Refuge, and having clarified at the end of the proof the loss of the party of Satan, it is understood that despite their humiliation, they will also suffer the punishment of the Fire. The deceived and heedless individual, who is deluded by this world and neglects the Hereafter due to fleeting desires and transient fortunes, acts like one who believes there is no difference between the wretched and the one punished by the Fire.
And when the Exalted One elevated His allies by beginning the surah with faith in the unseen, He, the Mighty, the Wise, after purifying Himself from the deficiencies of incapacitation and every hint of imperfection, sends down to His servants the causes of attributes and actions, until He leads them to tangible examples, thus qualifying them for annihilation in His essence and what His attributes necessitate for fear of Him. He then guides them to ponder the details of what He began with, saying, justly, regarding the style of greatness,
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سَبَّحَ لِلَّهِ مَا فِى ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ ۖ وَهُوَ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلْحَكِيمُ ﴿١﴾
Whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth exalts Allah, and He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.
هُوَ ٱلَّذِىٓ أَخْرَجَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ مِنْ أَهْلِ ٱلْكِتَـٰبِ مِن دِيَـٰرِهِمْ لِأَوَّلِ ٱلْحَشْرِ ۚ مَا ظَنَنتُمْ أَن يَخْرُجُوا۟ ۖ وَظَنُّوٓا۟ أَنَّهُم مَّانِعَتُهُمْ حُصُونُهُم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ فَأَتَىٰهُمُ ٱللَّهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَمْ يَحْتَسِبُوا۟ ۖ وَقَذَفَ فِى قُلُوبِهِمُ ٱلرُّعْبَ ۚ يُخْرِبُونَ بُيُوتَهُم بِأَيْدِيهِمْ وَأَيْدِى ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَٱعْتَبِرُوا۟ يَـٰٓأُو۟لِى ٱلْأَبْصَـٰرِ ﴿٢﴾
It is He who expelled the ones who disbelieved among the People of the Scripture from their homes at the first gathering. You did not think they would leave, and they thought that their fortresses would protect them from Allah; but [the decree of] Allah came upon them from where they had not expected, and He cast terror into their hearts [so] they destroyed their houses by their [own] hands and the hands of the believers. So take warning, O people of vision.
وَلَوْلَآ أَن كَتَبَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمُ ٱلْجَلَآءَ لَعَذَّبَهُمْ فِى ٱلدُّنْيَا ۖ وَلَهُمْ فِى ٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِ عَذَابُ ٱلنَّارِ ﴿٣﴾
And if not that Allah had decreed for them evacuation, He would have punished them in [this] world, and for them in the Hereafter is the punishment of the Fire.
ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ شَآقُّوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ ۖ وَمَن يُشَآقِّ ٱللَّهَ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ شَدِيدُ ٱلْعِقَابِ ﴿٤﴾
That is because they opposed Allah and His Messenger. And whoever opposes Allah - then indeed, Allah is severe in penalty.
مَا قَطَعْتُم مِّن لِّينَةٍ أَوْ تَرَكْتُمُوهَا قَآئِمَةً عَلَىٰٓ أُصُولِهَا فَبِإِذْنِ ٱللَّهِ وَلِيُخْزِىَ ٱلْفَـٰسِقِينَ ﴿٥﴾
Whatever you have cut down of [their] palm trees or left standing on their trunks - it was by permission of Allah and so He would disgrace the defiantly disobedient.
وَمَآ أَفَآءَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ رَسُولِهِۦ مِنْهُمْ فَمَآ أَوْجَفْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ خَيْلٍۢ وَلَا رِكَابٍۢ وَلَـٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُسَلِّطُ رُسُلَهُۥ عَلَىٰ مَن يَشَآءُ ۚ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍۢ قَدِيرٌۭ ﴿٦﴾
And what Allah restored [of property] to His Messenger from them - you did not spur for it [in an expedition] any horses or camels, but Allah gives His messengers power over whom He wills, and Allah is over all things competent.
مَّآ أَفَآءَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ رَسُولِهِۦ مِنْ أَهْلِ ٱلْقُرَىٰ فَلِلَّهِ وَلِلرَّسُولِ وَلِذِى ٱلْقُرْبَىٰ وَٱلْيَتَـٰمَىٰ وَٱلْمَسَـٰكِينِ وَٱبْنِ ٱلسَّبِيلِ كَىْ لَا يَكُونَ دُولَةًۢ بَيْنَ ٱلْأَغْنِيَآءِ مِنكُمْ ۚ وَمَآ ءَاتَىٰكُمُ ٱلرَّسُولُ فَخُذُوهُ وَمَا نَهَىٰكُمْ عَنْهُ فَٱنتَهُوا۟ ۚ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ ۖ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ شَدِيدُ ٱلْعِقَابِ ﴿٧﴾
And what Allah restored to His Messenger from the people of the towns - it is for Allah and for the Messenger and for [his] near relatives and orphans and the [stranded] traveler - so that it will not be a perpetual distribution among the rich from among you. And whatever the Messenger has given you - take; and what he has forbidden you - refrain from. And fear Allah; indeed, Allah is severe in penalty.
لِلْفُقَرَآءِ ٱلْمُهَـٰجِرِينَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُخْرِجُوا۟ مِن دِيَـٰرِهِمْ وَأَمْوَٰلِهِمْ يَبْتَغُونَ فَضْلًۭا مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرِضْوَٰنًۭا وَيَنصُرُونَ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥٓ ۚ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلصَّـٰدِقُونَ ﴿٨﴾
For the poor emigrants who were expelled from their homes and their properties, seeking bounty from Allah and [His] approval and supporting Allah and His Messenger, [there is also a share]. Those are the truthful.
وَٱلَّذِينَ تَبَوَّءُو ٱلدَّارَ وَٱلْإِيمَـٰنَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ يُحِبُّونَ مَنْ هَاجَرَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَلَا يَجِدُونَ فِى صُدُورِهِمْ حَاجَةًۭ مِّمَّآ أُوتُوا۟ وَيُؤْثِرُونَ عَلَىٰٓ أَنفُسِهِمْ وَلَوْ كَانَ بِهِمْ خَصَاصَةٌۭ ۚ وَمَن يُوقَ شُحَّ نَفْسِهِۦ فَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْمُفْلِحُونَ ﴿٩﴾
And [also for] those who were settled in al-Madinah and [adopted] the faith before them. They love those who emigrated to them and find not any want in their breasts of what the emigrants were given but give [them] preference over themselves, even though they are in privation. And whoever is protected from the stinginess of his soul - it is those who will be the successful.
وَٱلَّذِينَ جَآءُو مِنۢ بَعْدِهِمْ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا ٱغْفِرْ لَنَا وَلِإِخْوَٰنِنَا ٱلَّذِينَ سَبَقُونَا بِٱلْإِيمَـٰنِ وَلَا تَجْعَلْ فِى قُلُوبِنَا غِلًّۭا لِّلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ رَبَّنَآ إِنَّكَ رَءُوفٌۭ رَّحِيمٌ ﴿١٠﴾
And [there is a share for] those who came after them, saying, "Our Lord, forgive us and our brothers who preceded us in faith and put not in our hearts [any] resentment toward those who have believed. Our Lord, indeed You are Kind and Merciful."
۞ أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ نَافَقُوا۟ يَقُولُونَ لِإِخْوَٰنِهِمُ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ مِنْ أَهْلِ ٱلْكِتَـٰبِ لَئِنْ أُخْرِجْتُمْ لَنَخْرُجَنَّ مَعَكُمْ وَلَا نُطِيعُ فِيكُمْ أَحَدًا أَبَدًۭا وَإِن قُوتِلْتُمْ لَنَنصُرَنَّكُمْ وَٱللَّهُ يَشْهَدُ إِنَّهُمْ لَكَـٰذِبُونَ ﴿١١﴾
Have you not considered those who practice hypocrisy, saying to their brothers who have disbelieved among the People of the Scripture, "If you are expelled, we will surely leave with you, and we will not obey, in regard to you, anyone - ever; and if you are fought, we will surely aid you." But Allah testifies that they are liars.
لَئِنْ أُخْرِجُوا۟ لَا يَخْرُجُونَ مَعَهُمْ وَلَئِن قُوتِلُوا۟ لَا يَنصُرُونَهُمْ وَلَئِن نَّصَرُوهُمْ لَيُوَلُّنَّ ٱلْأَدْبَـٰرَ ثُمَّ لَا يُنصَرُونَ ﴿١٢﴾
If they are expelled, they will not leave with them, and if they are fought, they will not aid them. And [even] if they should aid them, they will surely turn their backs; then [thereafter] they will not be aided.
لَأَنتُمْ أَشَدُّ رَهْبَةًۭ فِى صُدُورِهِم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌۭ لَّا يَفْقَهُونَ ﴿١٣﴾
You [believers] are more fearful within their breasts than Allah. That is because they are a people who do not understand.
لَا يُقَـٰتِلُونَكُمْ جَمِيعًا إِلَّا فِى قُرًۭى مُّحَصَّنَةٍ أَوْ مِن وَرَآءِ جُدُرٍۭ ۚ بَأْسُهُم بَيْنَهُمْ شَدِيدٌۭ ۚ تَحْسَبُهُمْ جَمِيعًۭا وَقُلُوبُهُمْ شَتَّىٰ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌۭ لَّا يَعْقِلُونَ ﴿١٤﴾
They will not fight you all except within fortified cities or from behind walls. Their violence among themselves is severe. You think they are together, but their hearts are diverse. That is because they are a people who do not reason.
كَمَثَلِ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِهِمْ قَرِيبًۭا ۖ ذَاقُوا۟ وَبَالَ أَمْرِهِمْ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌۭ ﴿١٥﴾
[Theirs is] like the example of those shortly before them: they tasted the bad consequence of their affair, and they will have a painful punishment.
كَمَثَلِ ٱلشَّيْطَـٰنِ إِذْ قَالَ لِلْإِنسَـٰنِ ٱكْفُرْ فَلَمَّا كَفَرَ قَالَ إِنِّى بَرِىٓءٌۭ مِّنكَ إِنِّىٓ أَخَافُ ٱللَّهَ رَبَّ ٱلْعَـٰلَمِينَ ﴿١٦﴾
[The hypocrites are] like the example of Satan when he says to man, "Disbelieve." But when he disbelieves, he says, "Indeed, I am disassociated from you. Indeed, I fear Allah, Lord of the worlds."
فَكَانَ عَـٰقِبَتَهُمَآ أَنَّهُمَا فِى ٱلنَّارِ خَـٰلِدَيْنِ فِيهَا ۚ وَذَٰلِكَ جَزَٰٓؤُا۟ ٱلظَّـٰلِمِينَ ﴿١٧﴾
So the outcome for both of them is that they will be in the Fire, abiding eternally therein. And that is the recompense of the wrong-doers.
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ ٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَلْتَنظُرْ نَفْسٌۭ مَّا قَدَّمَتْ لِغَدٍۢ ۖ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ خَبِيرٌۢ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ ﴿١٨﴾
O you who have believed, fear Allah. And let every soul look to what it has put forth for tomorrow - and fear Allah. Indeed, Allah is Acquainted with what you do.
وَلَا تَكُونُوا۟ كَٱلَّذِينَ نَسُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ فَأَنسَىٰهُمْ أَنفُسَهُمْ ۚ أُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْفَـٰسِقُونَ ﴿١٩﴾
And be not like those who forgot Allah, so He made them forget themselves. Those are the defiantly disobedient.
لَا يَسْتَوِىٓ أَصْحَـٰبُ ٱلنَّارِ وَأَصْحَـٰبُ ٱلْجَنَّةِ ۚ أَصْحَـٰبُ ٱلْجَنَّةِ هُمُ ٱلْفَآئِزُونَ ﴿٢٠﴾
Not equal are the companions of the Fire and the companions of Paradise. The companions of Paradise - they are the attainers [of success].
لَوْ أَنزَلْنَا هَـٰذَا ٱلْقُرْءَانَ عَلَىٰ جَبَلٍۢ لَّرَأَيْتَهُۥ خَـٰشِعًۭا مُّتَصَدِّعًۭا مِّنْ خَشْيَةِ ٱللَّهِ ۚ وَتِلْكَ ٱلْأَمْثَـٰلُ نَضْرِبُهَا لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ ﴿٢١﴾
If We had sent down this Qur'an upon a mountain, you would have seen it humbled and coming apart from fear of Allah. And these examples We present to the people that perhaps they will give thought.
هُوَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِى لَآ إِلَـٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۖ عَـٰلِمُ ٱلْغَيْبِ وَٱلشَّهَـٰدَةِ ۖ هُوَ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ﴿٢٢﴾
He is Allah, other than whom there is no deity, Knower of the unseen and the witnessed. He is the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.
هُوَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِى لَآ إِلَـٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ٱلْمَلِكُ ٱلْقُدُّوسُ ٱلسَّلَـٰمُ ٱلْمُؤْمِنُ ٱلْمُهَيْمِنُ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلْجَبَّارُ ٱلْمُتَكَبِّرُ ۚ سُبْحَـٰنَ ٱللَّهِ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ ﴿٢٣﴾
He is Allah, other than whom there is no deity, the Sovereign, the Pure, the Perfection, the Bestower of Faith, the Overseer, the Exalted in Might, the Compeller, the Superior. Exalted is Allah above whatever they associate with Him.
هُوَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلْخَـٰلِقُ ٱلْبَارِئُ ٱلْمُصَوِّرُ ۖ لَهُ ٱلْأَسْمَآءُ ٱلْحُسْنَىٰ ۚ يُسَبِّحُ لَهُۥ مَا فِى ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ ۖ وَهُوَ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلْحَكِيمُ ﴿٢٤﴾
He is Allah, the Creator, the Inventor, the Fashioner; to Him belong the best names. Whatever is in the heavens and earth is exalting Him. And He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.