Islamic Fiqh > Penalties (hudud) > The jizya and the dhimmis: regime, rights and truces > Social and financial dealings with the dhimmis
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Updated on 27 September 2026 at 3:52 AM
Beyond the jizya and the covenant, shared life between Muslims and dhimmis was governed by detailed law: justice in their disputes, visits and gifts, greetings, funerals, festivals, then commercial rules: the tithe on trade, the kharaj of lands, guarantees and the breaking of the covenant.