Quran Vocabulary

أذي

To harm / To injure

Al-adhâ (harm): what reaches a living being as damage, whether to one's person, body, or consequences, worldly or religious, in deeds or words. Allah ...

22 verses

أفق

Horizon

Al-ufuq (the horizon): the limit of what sight can perceive of sky and earth. Plural 'âfâq'. Allah says: 'And he is at the highest horizon' (An-Najm: ...

3 verses

أيد

Hand / Strength

Al-ayd (strength): power and capability. Ayyadahu: he strengthened and supported him. Allah says: 'And We supported him (ayyadnâhu) with the Holy Spir...

11 verses

إنس

Humans / Humanity

Al-ins: the opposite of jinn. Al-uns: the opposite of aversion. Al-insiyy is one who frequently associates with people. Al-insân (the human being) is ...

21 verses

بغض

Hatred / Hostility

Al-bughd (hatred): intense aversion. Opposite of 'hubb' (love). Abghada: he hated. Allah says: 'And hatred (al-baghdâ') has appeared from their mouths...

5 verses

بيت

House / Dwelling

Al-bayt (house): the place of dwelling. Plural 'buyût'. Allah says: 'And stay in your houses (buyûtikun)' (Al-Ahzâb: 33). Al-Bayt al-Harâm: the Ka'ba....

30 verses

ثقل

Heavy / Weighty

Ath-thiql (heaviness): weight. Opposite of 'khiffa' (lightness). Thaqîl: heavy. Allah says: 'A heavy (thaqîlan) word' (Al-Muzzammil: 5). Ath-thaqalân:...

26 verses

جوع

Hunger / Famine

Al-jû': the pain that reaches an animal when the stomach is empty of food. Al-majâ'a: general famine. Allah says: 'Who has fed them against hunger (jû...

5 verses

حر

Heat / Freedom

Al-harâra (heat) is the opposite of coldness. It is of two kinds: accidental heat in the air from celestial bodies, and natural heat of bodies like fi...

3 verses

حرد

Hatred / Jealousy

Al-hard: preventing with vehemence and anger. Allah says: 'And they went early with determination (hard)' (Al-Qalam: 25). The garden owners left deter...

1 verse

حم

To heat / Fever

Al-hamîm: very hot water. Allah says: 'And they will be given boiling water (hamîm) to drink' (Muhammad: 15). Boiling water is the drink of the damned...

20 verses

حور

Houris / Pure white

Al-hawr: return, either physically or by thought. Allah says: 'He thought he would never return (lan yahûr)' (Al-Inshiqâq: 14). The disbeliever though...

12 verses

خبء

To hide / To conceal

Allah says: 'He brings forth the hidden (al-khab')' (An-Naml: 25). This is said of everything stored and hidden. Rainwater in clouds is khab', as are ...

1 verse

خبت

Humility / Submission

Al-khabt: low flat land. Akhbata al-rajul: the man headed toward the khabt, or humbled himself like one descending to the khabt. Allah says: 'And they...

3 verses

خزى

Humiliation / Shame

Khaziya al-rajul: the man was humiliated, either by himself or by others. The first is shame, the second is humiliation. Allah says: 'Our Lord, do not...

24 verses

خشع

Humility / Reverence

Al-khushû': humility and submission. It is mostly used for what appears on the limbs. Allah says: 'Their eyes humbled (khâshi'a)' (Al-Qalam: 43). Khus...

16 verses

خفى

Hidden / Mystery

Khafiya al-shay' khufyatan: the thing became hidden. Allah says: 'Call upon your Lord in secret (khufyatan)' (Al-A'râf: 55). Secret invocation is more...

30 verses

خمص

Hollow / Empty (stomach)

Allah says: 'In a famine (makhmasatan)' (Al-Mâ'ida: 3). Al-makhmasa: hunger that hollows the belly. The verse permits eating carrion in extreme famine...

2 verses

خيل

Horses / Imagination

Al-khayâl: originally, the abstract image like the image imagined in mirror or dream. Al-khayl (horses): known. Allah says: 'And horses (al-khayl), mu...

9 verses

دأب

Habit / Behavior

Al-da'b: persisting in walking. One says 'da'aba fî al-sayr da'ban'. Allah says: 'Like the custom (da'b) of Pharaoh's family' (Âl 'Imrân: 11). Their c...

6 verses

دار

House / Dwelling

Al-dâr (abode): the dwelling considered for its encirclement by wall. Allah says: 'The abode of the Hereafter (al-dâr al-âkhira)' (Al-'Ankabût: 64). D...

30 verses

دخر

To humble oneself

Allah says: 'And they are humiliated (dâkhirûn)' (An-Nahl: 48). Dâkhirûn: lowered, submitted despite themselves. All creation submits to Allah, even t...

4 verses

ذل

Humiliation / Submission

Al-dhull: what comes from constraint. One says 'dhalla yadhillu dhullan' (he was humiliated). The opposite is 'izz (power). Allah says: 'And lower (ik...

3 verses

رأس

Head / Chief

Al-ra's (head) is known. Plural: 'ru'ûs'. Allah says: 'And my head (ra'sî) has flared with white hair' (Maryam: 4). Zachariah describes his old age. A...

17 verses

رجا

Hope / Expectation

Rajâ al-bi'r wa al-samâ': the side of well and sky. Al-rajâ': hope, expecting something good. Allah says: 'For those who hope (yarjûna) to meet Allah'...

27 verses

ساعة

Hour / Moment

As-sa'a: a part of time. It is used to refer to the Day of Resurrection. The Almighty says: 'The Hour has drawn near' (Al-Qamar 1), 'They ask you abou...

30 verses

سعد

Happiness / Luck

As-sa'd and as-sa'ada: the divine assistance to man to obtain good. It is the opposite of ash-shaqawa (misfortune). The Almighty says: 'As for those w...

2 verses

سغب

Hunger / Famine

The Almighty says: 'Or feeding on a day of hunger' (Al-Balad 14). Al-masghabah: intense hunger. Saghiba: he was very hungry. One says: a hungry child,...

1 verse

سمع

To hear / Hearing

As-sam': the faculty in the ear by which sounds are perceived. The act is called as-sam' and as-sima'. The Almighty says: 'Allah has set a seal on the...

30 verses

شطر

Half / Side

Shatr ash-shay': its half and its middle. The Almighty says: 'Turn your face toward the Sacred Mosque' (Al-Baqara 144), meaning toward its direction. ...

3 verses

شمخ

Height / Arrogance

The Almighty says: 'lofty mountains' (Al-Mursalat 27), meaning high and elevated. Ash-shumukh: height and elevation. Shamikhat mountains are those ris...

1 verse

شنأ

Hatred / Aversion

Shani'tuhu: I found him repugnant out of hatred. From this comes the name Azd Shanu'a. The Almighty says: 'Let not hatred of a people lead you' (Al-Ma...

3 verses

صبغ

Hue / Color

As-sabgh: the masdar of 'I dyed'. As-sibgh: what is dyed. The Almighty says: 'The dye of Allah' (Al-Baqara 138), meaning His religion that dyes hearts...

2 verses

صلد

Hard / Resistant

The Almighty says: 'leaving bare rock' (Al-Baqara 264), meaning hard stone on which nothing grows. As-sald: sterile hardness. Bare rock represents the...

1 verse

صيد

Hunt / Game

As-sayd: the masdar of sada (to hunt). It is capturing what one reaches. The Almighty says: 'Lawful for you is the game of the sea' (Al-Ma'ida 96). 'A...

5 verses

ضر

To harm / Wrong

Ad-durr: the bad state, either in oneself through lack of knowledge and virtue, or in the body through loss of limb, or in situation through loss of g...

26 verses

ضيف

Host / Guest

Originally, ad-dayf is inclination. One says: I leaned toward such thing. The Almighty says: 'the guests of Ibrahim' (Al-Hijr 51). Hospitality implies...

6 verses

عجل

To hasten / Calf

Al-'ajala: seeking and pursuing something before its time. It is a demand of desire. The Almighty says: 'Man was created of haste' (Al-Anbiya 37). 'Do...

30 verses

عدا

Hostility / Enemy

Al-'aduww: exceeding and opposing harmony. Sometimes considered by heart, it is enmity. Sometimes by tongue, it is insult. Sometimes by act, it is agg...

30 verses

عزر

To help / To strengthen

At-ta'zir: helping with respect. The Almighty says: 'and that you support him and honor him' (Al-Fath 9). At-ta'zir in law: a punishment less than the...

3 verses

عسعس

To hide / To darken

The Almighty says: 'By the night when it covers' (At-Takwir 17), meaning when it arrives and settles. 'As'asa: arriving or departing. Context determin...

1 verse

عسل

Honey

Al-'asal: the saliva of bees. The Almighty says: 'purified honey' (Muhammad 15) among Paradise's drinks. 'There emerges from their bellies a drink of ...

1 verse

عضل

To hold back / To prevent

Al-'adala: every hard flesh in a tendon. A 'adil man: one with compact flesh. The Almighty says: 'Do not prevent them' (Al-Baqara 232) from marrying. ...

2 verses

عقب

Heel / Consequence

Al-'aqib: the back of the foot. One says 'aqb, plural a'qab. The Almighty says: 'Will you turn on your heels?' (Al 'Imran 144). Al-'aqib: what comes a...

30 verses

عنا

Hardship / Misery

'Anat al-wujuh lil-Hayy al-Qayyum: 'Faces have submitted to the Living, the Eternal' (Ta-Ha 111), meaning they humbled before Him. Al-'anwa: total sub...

1 verse

عون

Help / Support

Al-'awn: mutual help and support. One says: so-and-so is my helper. The Almighty says: 'Help one another in piety and fear' (Al-Ma'ida 2). 'It is You ...

11 verses

غرف

Handful / Upper chamber

Al-gharf: lifting something and taking it. One says: I scooped water and broth. Al-ghurfa: the upper room, plural ghuraf. The Almighty says: 'Rooms ab...

5 verses

غور

Hollow / Depth

Al-Ghawr refers to what is depressed or low-lying in the earth. One says: ghāra ar-rajul (the man descended) and aghāra. Ghārat 'aynuhu ghawr means th...

4 verses

فأد

Heart / Liver

Al-Fu'ād is like the heart (qalb), but it is called fu'ād when considering the meaning of tafa''ud, meaning heating. One says: fa'adtu al-laḥm (I gril...

15 verses

قدس

Holiness / Purity

Al-Quds refers to purity and holiness. The Almighty says: 'The King, the Holy' (Al-Hashr 23). Al-Quddūs is one of Allah's Names, meaning the Most Pure...

10 verses