Badr al-Kubra: the year truth was parted from falsehood

The second year of the Hijra saw Badr al-Kubra, in Ramadan, « by which Allah parted truth from falsehood », with seventy chiefs of Quraysh killed upon the famous account. The page reports the hostility of the Jewish rabbis, except Abdallah ibn Salam and Moukhayriq, martyred on the day of Uhud, of whom the Prophet used to say: « Moukhayriq is the best of the Jews ». After Badr, Ali married Fatima for a dowry of his houtami armor; the page also relates Hamza’s drunkenness, when he cut open the flanks of Ali’s two she-camels. The qibla was changed, the fasting of Ramadan and the zakat prescribed, the Jews of Medina made peace, and there died Ruqayya, daughter of the Prophet, and Abu Lahab.

There occurred in the second year of the Hijra many campaigns and detachments, the greatest and most eminent of them Badr al-Kubra, which occurred in Ramadan of it, by which Allah parted truth from falsehood, guidance from error. This is the time of mentioning the campaigns and detachments: we say with Allah as aid.

Imam Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn Yasar said, in his book of the sira, after mentioning the Jews’ rabbis and their planted hostility to Islam and its people, and the verses sent down concerning them: among them Houyay ibn Akhtab, his two brothers Abu Yassir and Joudayy, Sallam ibn Mishkam, Kinana ibn al-Rabi ibn Abi al-Huqayq, Sallam ibn Abi al-Huqayq : who is Abu Rafi al-A’war, the Hijaz people’s merchant, killed by the Companions in the land of Khaybar as will come :, al-Rabi ibn al-Rabi ibn Abi al-Huqayq, Amr ibn Jihash, and Ka’b ibn al-Ashraf, who was of Tayy then of the Banu Nabhan, his mother from the Banu Nadir : killed by the Companions before Abu Rafi as will come :, and his allies al-Hajjaj ibn Amr and Kardam ibn Qays, may Allah curse them. Those are of the Banu Nadir.

Of the Banu Tha’laba ibn al-Fityaoun: Abdallah ibn Souriya : there was in the Hijaz none more learned in the Torah than he; it has been said he embraced Islam :, ibn Salouba and Moukhayriq : who embraced Islam on the day of Uhud as will come, and was his people’s rabbi. Of the Banu Qaynuqa: Zayd ibn al-Lussayt, Sa’d ibn Houneyf, Mahmoud ibn Sayhan, Uzayz ibn Abi Uzayz, Abdallah ibn Sayf, Souwayd ibn al-Harith, Rifa’a ibn Qays, Finhas, Achya’, Nou’man ibn Adha, Bahri ibn Amr, Chas ibn Adi, Chas ibn Qays, Zayd ibn al-Harith, Nou’man ibn Amr, Soukayn ibn Abi Soukayn, Adi ibn Zayd, Nou’man ibn Abi Awfa Abu Anas, Mahmoud ibn Dahya, Malik ibn Sayf, Ka’b ibn Rachid, Azar and Rafi ibn Abi Rafi and Khalid, Azar ibn Abi Azar : Ibn Hisham says: he is said Azar ibn Azar :, Rafi ibn Haritha, Rafi ibn Houraymala, Rafi ibn Khardja, Malik ibn Awf, Rifa’a ibn Zayd ibn at-Tabout, and Abdallah ibn Salam : his Islam has already preceded (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).

Ibn Ishaq says: he was their rabbi and their most knowledgeable, and his name was al-Husayn: when he embraced Islam, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) named him Abdallah.

Of the Banu Qurayza: az-Zoubayr ibn Bata ibn Wahb, Azzal ibn Chamouil, Ka’b ibn Asad : he of their covenant which they broke the year of the Confederates :, Chamouil ibn Zayd, Jabal ibn Amr ibn Soukayna, an-Nahham ibn Zayd, Qardam ibn Ka’b, Wahb ibn Zayd, Nafi ibn Abi Nafi, Adi ibn Zayd, al-Harith ibn Awf, Kardam ibn Zayd, Ussama ibn Habib, Rafi ibn Roumayla, Jabal ibn Abi Qouchayr and Wahb ibn Yahouda. Of the Banu Zourayq: Labid ibn al-A’sam, he who bewitched the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). Of the Jews of the Banu Haritha: Kinana ibn Souriya. Of the Jews of the Banu Amr ibn Awf: Qardam ibn Amr. Of the Jews of the Banu an-Najjar: Silsila ibn Barhama.

Ibn Ishaq said: these are the Jews’ rabbis, people of mischief and hostility toward the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and his Companions, people of questions : who multiplied questions to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) with obstinacy, stubbornness and disbelief : and people of hostility to the affair of Islam, wanting to extinguish it, save Abdallah ibn Salam and Moukhayriq. He then mentioned the Islam of Abdallah ibn Salam and that of his aunt Khalida, as we presented, and the Islam of Moukhayriq on the day of Uhud, as will come. He said to his people : it was the Sabbath day: “O assembly of Jews, by Allah you know that Muhammad’s victory over you is truth.” They said: “Today is the Sabbath day.”

He said: “No Sabbath for you.” Then he took his weapon and went out to those of his people behind him: “Were I killed today, my wealth is for Muhammad: let him see therein what Allah wills.” He was wealthy. Then he joined the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and fought until he was killed (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).

He said: the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) would say, as it reached me: “Moukhayriq is the best of the Jews.”