Sida loo saraayo Nabiga

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Nabiigu isagu wuxuu ummadiisii baray ducada la akhriyo. Markii saxaabadii yidhaahdeen: “Waan ognahay sida loo kugu salaamo; laakiin sida loo kugu saraayo maxay tahay?”, wuxuu u sheegay ducada tan iyo markaas loo yaqaan salat ibrahimiya, maadaama ay ka baryayso Allah inuu saraayo oo uu ku barakeeyo Nabi Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) sida uu u sameeyay Ibrahim.

Ducada gaaban

Qaabka ugu yar ee amarka guud ka buuxinaya waa:

اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ

Allahumma salli 'ala Muhammad: “Allahow, ha saraayo Muhammad”. Badanaa waa lagu daraa wa sallim (“oo ha salaamo”). Qaabkan gaaban ayaan qoraalladu kaga sheekaanayaan ajarka toban saraan (Muslim, 408).

Ducada dhamaystiran ee Nabiigu baray (salat ibrahimiya)

Ka'b ibn Ujra wuxuu weraa: Nabiigu wuxuu u soo baxay, waxayna yidhaahdeen: “Waan ognahay sida loo kugu salaamo (salaamka); sida loo kugu saraayona?” Wuxuu ugu jawaabay:

Dheh: “Allahow, ha saraayo Muhammad iyo reerka Muhammad sida aad ugu saraatay reerkii Ibrahim; oo ha ku barakeeyo Muhammad iyo reerka Muhammad sida aad ugu barakeesay reerkii Ibrahim, hubaal Adigu waa Mahad leh, Mudne.”

Muslim buukisii Sahih (406); macne isku ah oo laga helay Al-Bukhari iyo Muslim laga soo weriyay Abu Humayd as-Sa'idi (405)

Qoraalka carabiga ee ducada dhamaystiran:

اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ. اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، كَمَا بَارَكْتَ عَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ

Akhriska Laatiinka: Allahumma salli 'ala Muhammadin wa 'ala aali Muhammad, kama sallayta 'ala aali Ibrahim, innaka Hameedun Majeed. Allahumma baarik 'ala Muhammadin wa 'ala aali Muhammad, kama baarakta 'ala aali Ibrahim, innaka Hameedun Majeed.

Nuqul ay wataan Muslim (405) waxay ku dhammaataa: wa as-salamu kama qad alimtum (“oo salaamka: waad horeba u og tihiin sida loo dhiho”), maadaama Nabiigu horey u baray salaamka tashahhudka. Waxaa laga soo weriyay Al-Bukhari iyo Muslim Riyad as-Salihin (1405, 1406).

Nuqullada saxaabada

Saxaabadii waxay wateen ducada kala duwanaansho yar yar, dhammaanna sax ah:

• Abu Humayd as-Sa'idi: “...ha saraayo Muhammad, xaasaskiisa iyo farackiisa (azwajihi wa dhurriyyatihi) sida aad ugu saraatay reerkii Ibrahim” (Muslim, 407).
• Al-Bayhaqi as-Sunan al-Kubra wuxuu weraa nuqul lagu qiimeeyay mid sax ah: “Allahow, ha saraayo Muhammad, Nabiiga aan akhrin iyo qorin aqaan (an-Nabiyy al-Ummiyy), iyo reerka Muhammad...” (2849).
• Nuqul kale oo Al-Bukhari laga maro: “ha saraayo adiga, addaankaaga iyo rasuulkaaga (abdika wa rasulika)” (Al-Bayhaqi soo weriyay, 2853).
• Ibn Mas'ud wuxuu barayay in la saraayo Nabiiga ka dib tashahhudka, kadibna la duceeyo siduu qofku doono (Al-Hakim soo weriyay, isnad adag).

Nuqulladani waxay muujinayaan in waxaa muhiim ah in lagu baryo Allah inuu saraayo Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) iyo reerkiisa, sida uu u sameeyay Ibrahim iyo reerkiisa; qeexitaannada faahfaahsan dhammaantood waa sax.

Gudaha salaadda: ka dib tashahhudka

Meesha joogtada ah ee salaaddani waa tashahhudka. Culumadu waxay ku heshiiyeen sharcinimada tashahhudka gudihiisa; waxayna kala duwanaayeen darajada: Ash-Shafi'i wuxuu ku arkay waajib (wajib) fadhigii ugu dambeeyay, Xanafiyadu, Maalikiyadu iyo Ahmad riwaayad mid ahna wuxuu ku arkay sunna salaad ah, waajib ma aha; dalabaddooduna waa in xadiithka barista tashahhudka lagu yidhi “markaas salaaddaada waad dhammeysay” oo aan la salat ibrahimiya ka dhigin sharruud gelitaanka (Abu Dawud soo weriyay, 968, iyo Ahmad, 4006). Labadaba, la akhriyaa ka dib jumladii labaad ee tashahhudka, ka hor salaamkii ugu dambeeyay.

Ka bannaan salaadda

Ka bannaan tashahhudka, ducadu la dhihi karaa ka dib azanka (oo ay la socoto codsiga Wasilada), jimce si badan, iyo bilowga iyo dhamaadka ducada. Nabiigu wuxuu baray Fudala ibn Ubayd:

Marka midkiin duco sameeyo, ha ku bilaabo inuu Rabbigiis ammaano oo ku ammaano, kadibna ha saraayo Nabiiga, kadibna ha duceeyo siduu doono.

Abu Dawud (1481) iyo At-Tirmidhi, oo ku qiimeeyay “hasan sahih”; Riyad as-Salihin (1404)

Faahfaahinta waqtiyada iyo dalabadooda waxay ku jirtaa boggayaga goorta la saraayo Nabiga.